Bank and financial institutions panic as a result of stopping payments and Bankruptcy, considering the role of financial institutions in the national economy and the systematic effects of their Bankruptcy in economic, social and political fields, has caused to manage and control the Bankruptcy of financial institutions and its rules apart from the other commercial institutions. in the legal system of Iran, this is basically part of the rules of the traditional Bankruptcy system in the frame of joint stock companies. However the nature of these institutions and their importance in the economic system in addition, the necessity of compliance with domestic and international Banking laws and regulations, requires that the rules of the Bankruptcy of financial institutions will be put and applied separately. In this study, while discussing the Bankruptcy of financial institutions and the necessities of the legal system in dealing with it, the Bank bail entity in the Central Bank policy and its legal nature and its relationship with the Bankruptcy of financial institutions, was considered. Regardless of the ambiguities about the Bank bail in domestic legal system, it seems that the state of the Bank bail is not associated with the Bankruptcy and dissolution of the financial institutions, but, only a certain approach by the central Bank for managing and paying debts of credit institutions which are stopped. In general, given the challenges of the Bankruptcy system in Iranian law, it seems that the process of passing special rules for financial institutions Bankruptcy should be faster.

Criminal bail writ follows fair trial and prevents from destruction in proceedings by the accused. it is not a criminal answer to a crime and prepunishment for offender. The most important and usual way for destruction on proceedings is to hide or to escape accused. To award on base of escape possibility is for closing this way. But destruction on proceedings may be introduced by another ways, for example by the destroying of evidences, so must by way of to ascertain the several scales in accordance with the aims criminal bail writ and to bind the judge to preserve these scales and finally preserve proportion, be prevented from destruct on proceedings. Usually all of the scales don't use about all of the accused and they to differ from each other by conditions and situations. For example scales of accused' bodily state, age or morality uses only in time of that accused to be detained.

Nowadays, Iran monetary and financial market encounter a new concept, named “ Resolution” that is going to be technically replaced with “ Bankruptcy” system for facing failed or likely to fail Banks and credit institutions. Dissatisfaction of policy and decision makers from Bankruptcy system toward Banks and credit institutions highlights the importance of “ Resolution” in their eyes. Among all of the tools utilized under “ Resolution” system, “ bail-in” is counted as one of the most challenging on the one hand, and the most useful tool on the other hands which is not only does open a new window in the realm of facing Bank failure, but also comprehensively stands against “ bail-out” . This tool can be analyzed in two perspectives; an independent tool and the complementary one. “ bail-in” means “ the mechanism for affecting the exercise by a resolution authority of the write-down and conversion powers in relation to liabilities of an institution under resolution” . As it is crystal clear, “ bail-in” includes two steps: loss absorption for “ Write-down” and “ Conversion” of liabilities to equity. Initially Considering “ bail-in” tool versus the rules of private law, most of the countries have carefully eliminates the impediments before applying this tool. In Iran legal system, originating from Shiite jurisprudence, this tool is not flawless. Islamic Banking principles, Shiite jurisprudence rules, i. e. particularly “ debt forgiveness” and “ novation” , and lack of economic infrastructures are the major barriers before “ bail-in” tool, for which the authors have attempted to resolve them, in addition to explaining and clearing the issues, through descriptive-analyzing method.

In Islamic Jurisprudence, to reject the validity of Diman malam yajib (the liability of what is not obligated), caused to plan extensions and subjects that has presented the diversity of opinions among jurists. Some of these extensions and subjects of discourse are so current and secular law to the extend that a group of jurists believe in the rejection the validity of Diman malam yajib, were planning about to justify and find a state for it’s integrity by sending them out from the scope of extensinons in Diman malam yajib.But some others, irrespective of current usage law and methods of rationalist have issued an order to invalidity of some of the mentioned extensions. The liability for objects of bail is one of the mentioned extensions that jurists have diversed their opinions in it’s integrity.Those who have voted to the validity rejection, know that as an extension of Diman malam yajib and liable to it’s rejection proofs.In this essay pros and cons proofs in the integrity of this kind of liability have been studied and firstly by the purpose of fortification of the proofs of integrity believers mostly based on verses and Traditions and on the other hand criticizing the pros’ proofs specially through proving the correct ness of Diman malam yajib, It has been endeavoured to define a criterion on strength of which can seek aremedy the diversity in other different extensions by making clear precisely this kind of liability.

bail one of the chapters is a legal jurisprudence Today, the scope of the courts and judiciary widely spread And is clearly visible in the criminal and civil bail from Different angles as a condition, sentencing, and its variants can be investigated. One of the less discussed issues of bail coercive This type in the bail that The due is the use of coercion and domination Legal works of regarding surety, Mkfvl les, Mkfvl Anah jurisdictions And other persons covered by this concluding will bring into existence In this article we are to rely on library research methods and analytic techniques, To review the definition, bail enforcement issues, principles, responsibilities, punish the offender in criminal and financial sponsor, the sponsor''s death to escape Mkfvl Nh Weberian perspective of law and rights, should be.

Salvia bracteata is a permanent herb belongs to Lamiaceae family which wildely grows in some regions of Lorestan province. The aerial part of this plant was collected in postflowering stage from montains of North of Alashtar in Lorestan province. The air-dried samples were subjected to hydrodistillation using by Cleavenger apparatus for 2.5h ( in yield of 0.8%).The essential oil was analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Forty-six constituents representing 91.7% of the oil were identified. The major components of the oil were a- pinene (31.9%), myrcene(8.6%), limonene(8.1%), b-pinene(6.8%).

The aerial parts of Salvia bracteata were collected in two stages of plant growth (before flowering and full flowering) from Chenareh-marivan (Kurdistan province) in west of Iran .The essential oils were obtained by hydro-distillation method. The oils were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The yields of essential oils were 0.22% before flowering stage and 0.28% full flowering stage. Before flowering stage 17 compounds and full flowering stage 19 compounds were characterized. In both of stages, b-caryophyllen and c-muurolene devoted the highest rates of the compounds. b-caryophyllen had a decreasing trend from before flowing to flowering so that it changes from 49.6% to 41.6% vs. c-muurolene so the rate of latter compound changed from 18.3% to 22.8%. In samples from Chenareh, Marivan, 17 constituents were common at two stages. (E)-b-ocimene was only before flowering stage and bornyl-acetate, d-elemene, b- bourbonene were found only at full flowering stage.

The Iranian government has revived Banks and credit institutions by using public resources and borrowing from the CB under the "bail out"; But this method puts the pressure  on all people. The present study has studied the jurisprudence of the tool of "bail-in". bail-in is a tool that,  absorbs the losses incurred in the debt column of the Bank balance sheet, and converts part of the existing liabilities into Bank shares. The method of jurisprudential study is multi-stage Ijtihad; According to this method, after examining the financial relations under the relevant jurisprudential topics, the research results were presented to 6 members of the jurisprudential-economic elite and the central research questions were consulted by 8 imitation authorities and the research result was approved by the majority of elites and scholars. The first result of this research is that in current and savings deposits that have the nature of Al-Qarz, the value of Al-Dain can not be forcibly reduced under any jurisprudential title, whether it is "Ibraa Al-Dain" or "Al-Hajr". The conversion of Al-Dain into shares also requires the "consent of the parties." Therefore, it is necessary that both central issues of the means of bail-in, namely the coercive reduction and coercive conversion of religion, be stipulated in the contract. In case of long-term deposits that have the nature of a Al-Vakalat, whether the property of the subject of the power of attorney has been or has not been destroyed, in case of Bank Bankruptcy, it is not possible to reduce the Bank liability. The solution to this problem is that the Bank must condition the reduction and conversion of the obligation while concluding a power of attorney for long-term deposits.

bail (Kafala) is an irrevocable contract. Although under the principles applicable to irrevocable contracts, stipulation of option in these contracts is permitted, the legislator has not declared whether such stipulation is valid or void. Therefore, the main question remains what is the remedy of stipulation of option in bail contract? Different opinions have been suggested by Islamic jurists and it is necessary to determine the valid opinion and accordingly, the legal status through comparative study and criticizing the suggested opinions. The purpose of the present paper is to determine whether stipulation of option in bail contract is valid or void according to valid fatawi (verdicts) through descriptive method and destruction of valid jurisprudence sources and library tools. As the most important result of this research we can say that stipulation of option in bail contract is valid and in addition to the stipulation, the contract is valid as well. Therefore, the legislator is recommended to enact an article and declare the validity of stipulation of option in bail contract and end the current controversies.

Objective(s): Diabetes mellitus, a carbohydrate metabolic disorder, occurs due to absolute or relative deficiency of insulin. Current treatment strategies involve either preventing or delaying the intestinal absorption of glucose to lower the levels of postprandial hyperglycemia (PPHG). Herbal remedies have been since ancient times for treating diabetes mellitus. Therefore, identifying novel phytocompounds with α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity that would reduce the glucose absorption as well as the rise in postprandial blood glucose level is vital. Consequently, the present study was aimed to investigate the anti-hyperglycemic activity of Croton bonplandianusagainst these pancreatic enzymes. Materials and Methods: The methanol extract of C. bonplandianusleaf was prepared and further fractionation was performed with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and chloroform. The antioxidant activity and anti-hyperglycemic activity of the extracts and its fractions were determined. Further, GC-MS analysis was performed for the leaf extract. Results: The chloroform fraction (ChF) was found to contain highest quantity of polyphenols (114. 28 μ g/ml of GAE), flavonoids (95. 68 μ g/ml of quercetin) and tannins (63. 80 μ g/ml of GAE) and also possessed effective inhibitory activity against α amylase (IC5095. 78 μ g/ml) and α glucosidase (IC50 126. 81 μ g/ml). The antioxidant activity of ChFwas also higher when compared to other fractions. Further, GC-MS analysis of ChF showed the presence of various components that may be responsible for the above mentioned activities. Conclusion: The study findings suggest that the components present in the leaves of C. bonplandianus, may provide a potential therapeutic source in developing treatment forhyperglycemia. Further bioassay guided fractionation procedure is required to identify the active constituents.